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| + | ====== voca tristesse En ====== | ||
| + | | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 0) À retenir en 10 secondes ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **sad** = triste (standard). | ||
| + | * **upset** = contrarié / bouleversé (souvent émotion mixte, pas “tristesse pure”). | ||
| + | * **disappointed** = déçu ; **hurt** = blessé (émotionnellement). | ||
| + | * **down / low** = coup de blues ; **depressed** = à manier avec prudence (peut être clinique). | ||
| + | * **heartbroken / devastated** = très fort (chagrin / anéanti). | ||
| + | |||
| + | --- | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 1) Adjectifs : intensité (du léger au très fort) ===== | ||
| + | ^ Mot ^ Nuance / registre ^ Exemple ^ | ||
| + | | **down** | coup de blues (informel) | *I’ve been feeling a bit down lately.* | | ||
| + | | **low** | moral bas (plus neutre) | *I’m feeling low today.* | | ||
| + | | **sad** | triste (standard) | *I’m sad about it.* | | ||
| + | | **upset** | contrarié / bouleversé (mixte) | *She was upset about the argument.* | | ||
| + | | **miserable** | malheureux, très mal | *He felt miserable after the breakup.* | | ||
| + | | **heartbroken** | le cœur brisé (chagrin fort) | *She was heartbroken.* | | ||
| + | | **devastated** | anéanti (très fort) | *They were devastated by the news.* | | ||
| + | |||
| + | --- | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 2) Tristesse “calme” vs choc ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== 2.1 Tristesse calme / nostalgie ==== | ||
| + | ^ Mot ^ Idée ^ Exemple ^ | ||
| + | | **gloomy** | morose, sombre | *The weather made me feel gloomy.* | | ||
| + | | **melancholy** (B2) | mélancolique (littéraire) | *There’s something melancholy about that song.* | | ||
| + | | **nostalgic** | nostalgique (pas forcément triste) | *I feel nostalgic when I hear it.* | | ||
| + | | **bittersweet** | doux-amer (joie + tristesse) | *It was a bittersweet moment.* | | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== 2.2 Choc / peine soudaine ==== | ||
| + | ^ Mot ^ Idée ^ Exemple ^ | ||
| + | | **shocked** | choqué (pas “tristesse” mais réaction) | *I was shocked by the news.* | | ||
| + | | **in tears** | en larmes | *She was in tears.* | | ||
| + | | **overwhelmed** | submergé (émotion) | *I felt overwhelmed.* | | ||
| + | |||
| + | --- | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 3) Déception, regret, honte (proches mais différents) ===== | ||
| + | ^ Mot ^ Nuance ^ Exemple ^ | ||
| + | | **disappointed** | déçu (attente non remplie) | *I’m disappointed with the result.* | | ||
| + | | **let down** | déçu (informel, souvent par quelqu’un) | *I felt let down by him.* | | ||
| + | | **regretful** | plein de regrets | *I’m regretful about what I said.* | | ||
| + | | **guilty** | coupable | *I feel guilty about it.* | | ||
| + | | **ashamed** | honteux (plus fort, image de soi) | *He felt ashamed.* | | ||
| + | | **embarrassed** | gêné (social) | *I was embarrassed.* | | ||
| + | |||
| + | --- | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 4) “Hurt” et tristesse relationnelle ===== | ||
| + | ^ Mot ^ Nuance ^ Exemple ^ | ||
| + | | **hurt** | blessé (émotionnellement) | *I was hurt by your comment.* | | ||
| + | | **lonely** | seul (isolement) | *He feels lonely.* | | ||
| + | | **homesick** | mal du pays | *I’m homesick.* | | ||
| + | | **grieving** | en deuil (processus) | *They’re grieving.* | | ||
| + | |||
| + | --- | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 5) Noms : sadness / sorrow / grief / disappointment ===== | ||
| + | ^ Nom ^ Quand l’utiliser ^ Exemple ^ | ||
| + | | **sadness** | tristesse (neutre) | *a sense of sadness* | | ||
| + | | **sorrow** | chagrin (plus soutenu) | *deep sorrow* | | ||
| + | | **grief** | deuil / peine intense (souvent perte) | *to deal with grief* | | ||
| + | | **disappointment** | déception | *a huge disappointment* | | ||
| + | |||
| + | --- | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 6) Grammaire & collocations (B2) ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **sad about** : *sad about the situation* | ||
| + | * **upset about / upset with** : *upset about the news / upset with him* | ||
| + | * **disappointed with / disappointed in** : | ||
| + | |||
| + | * *disappointed with the result* | ||
| + | * *disappointed in you* (= déçu de toi, comportement) | ||
| + | * **hurt by** : *hurt by what he said* | ||
| + | * **devastated by** : *devastated by the loss* | ||
| + | * **burst into tears** = éclater en sanglots | ||
| + | * **break down** = craquer (pleurer / perdre le contrôle émotionnel) | ||
| + | |||
| + | --- | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 7) Expressions naturelles ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **I feel like crying.** = j’ai envie de pleurer | ||
| + | * **It hit me hard.** = ça m’a fait un choc | ||
| + | * **I’m not myself today.** = je ne suis pas dans mon assiette | ||
| + | * **I can’t stop thinking about it.** = j’arrête pas d’y penser | ||
| + | * **I’m struggling** = j’ai du mal (période difficile) | ||
| + | |||
| + | --- | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 8) Pièges & prudence ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **depressed** : | ||
| + | |||
| + | * peut vouloir dire “très triste” en langage courant, mais aussi “dépression” (sens médical). À utiliser avec prudence. | ||
| + | * alternatives : **down, low, really sad, miserable**. | ||
| + | * **upset** n’est pas uniquement “triste” : ça peut aussi être colère, stress, choc. | ||
| + | |||
| + | --- | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 9) Mini-exercice (choisis le mot le plus naturel) ===== | ||
| + | Complète avec : **down / sad / upset / disappointed / hurt / lonely / homesick / gloomy / nostalgic / bittersweet / heartbroken / devastated** | ||
| + | |||
| + | * I’ve been feeling a bit ____ lately. (blues) | ||
| + | * I’m ____ about what happened. (standard) | ||
| + | * She was really ____ after the argument. (strong emotion mix) | ||
| + | * I’m ____ with the result. (expectation failed) | ||
| + | * I was ____ by your comment. (emotional injury) | ||
| + | * He feels ____ since he moved away. (isolation) | ||
| + | * I’m ____; I miss my country and my friends. (mal du pays) | ||
| + | * The dark winter makes me feel ____. (morose) | ||
| + | * Hearing that song makes me feel ____. (past memories) | ||
| + | * It was a ____ goodbye. (happy + sad) | ||
| + | * She was ____ when he left. (very strong heartbreak) | ||
| + | * They were ____ by the news. (very strong, shock + sadness) | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Corrigé (proposition) ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * down | ||
| + | * sad | ||
| + | * upset | ||
| + | * disappointed | ||
| + | * hurt | ||
| + | * lonely | ||
| + | * homesick | ||
| + | * gloomy | ||
| + | * nostalgic | ||
| + | * bittersweet | ||
| + | * heartbroken | ||
| + | * devastated | ||
| + | |||
| + | Si tu veux, je peux faire une fiche “émotions mixtes” B2 (relieved but disappointed, | ||