====== Mise en relief (Cleft Sentences) ======

La mise en relief sert à **souligner une partie précise d’une phrase**.  
En anglais, elle correspond souvent au français « C’est … qui/que… ».

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===== 1. It-clefts =====
**Structure :** It is/was + [élément] + that/who + [reste]

Exemples :
  * It was **Mary who invited Tom to the party**.  
  * It was **in London that I met her**.  
  * It will be **tomorrow that they arrive**.

⚠ Attention :
  * Préférer **that** à *where/when*.
  * Après *when*, pas de *will*.

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===== 2. Wh-clefts (pseudo-clefts) =====
**Structure :** What + [proposition] + is/was + [élément]

Exemples :
  * What he needs is **patience**.  
  * What she loves is **cooking**.  
  * What I want is **to relax**.

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===== 3. All-clefts =====
**Structure :** All + [proposition] + is/was + [élément]

Exemples :
  * All he wants is **to relax**.  
  * All they need is **a chance**.  

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===== 4. Autres clefts =====
  * The person who… → *The person who called you was my brother.*  
  * The thing that… → *The thing that bothers me is his attitude.*  
  * Where / When → *Where I first met her was in Paris.* / *When I saw him was last night.*

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===== 5. Pronoms et style =====
  * Grammaire stricte : It is **he** who…  
  * Usage courant (oral) : It is **him** that…

Exemples :
  * It is **he** who deserves the credit. (soutenu)  
  * It is **him** that you should listen to. (fréquent à l’oral)  

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===== 6. Erreurs fréquentes =====
  * ❌ It is happens that… → ✔ It happens that…  
  * ❌ What I want is relax. → ✔ What I want is **to relax**.  
  * ❌ It will be tomorrow when they will arrive. → ✔ It will be tomorrow that they arrive.  

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===== 7. Exercice =====
Transforme ces phrases en cleft sentences :
  1. John broke the window.  
  2. I first met her in Paris.  
  3. They will call you tonight.  
  4. She needs attention.  
  5. Peter solved the problem.