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-ING vs TO + VERB
🧠 Astuce principale
-ING → action réelle, vécue, ou générale → on est dans l’action ou le souvenir.
TO + VERB → action prévue, à faire, ou intention → on regarde vers l’action.
📌 1. Quand utiliser -ING
- Après certains verbes (souvent émotions, goûts, habitudes) :
enjoy, avoid, suggest, admit, consider, deny, miss, finish, give up, keep, can’t stand, practice, be worth…
→I enjoy reading before bed. - Après une préposition (in, at, for, without, about, etc.) :
→She’s good at singing. - Comme sujet ou objet :
→Swimming is good exercise. - Après certaines expressions fixes :
it’s no use, it’s worth, can’t help, spend time…
→It’s worth trying again. - Pour les temps continus :
→I’m studying now.
📌 2. Quand utiliser TO + VERB
- Après certains verbes (souvent intention, décision, plan) :
want, need, decide, plan, hope, expect, promise, agree, refuse, afford, manage, learn…
→I decided to leave early. - Après des adjectifs +
it:
→It’s important to arrive on time. - Après certaines structures :
too + adj, adj + enough, first/last/best…
→She’s too young **to drive. - Après verbe + objet + to + verb :
advise, allow, tell, ask, expect, want…
→They told me to wait here.
📌 3. Verbes qui acceptent les deux (sens différent)
| Verbe | -ING = passé / expérience | TO + VERB = futur / intention |
|---|---|---|
| remember | I remember locking the door. | Remember to lock the door. |
| forget | I’ll never forget meeting you. | Don’t forget to meet her. |
| stop | He stopped smoking. | He stopped to smoke. |
| try | Try adding more salt. | Try to finish on time. |
| regret | I regret telling her. | I regret to tell you… |
| go on | She went on talking. | She went on to talk about… |
| like/love/hate | I love reading. | I love to read before bed. |
| mean | This means getting up early. | I meant to call you. |
📌 4. Mini-rappel
Ne pense pas seulement émotion vs rationnel — pense aussi temps et perspective :
- -ING → souvenir, expérience → on vit l’action.
- TO + VERB → but, plan → on vise l’action.