Grammar FLE Course A1
1) The basic sentence
- Structure Subject + Verb + Complement
- e.g. :
I work in Novi Sad.
- Statement simple sentence
- e.g. :
It's a book.
- Negation (base) : doesn't …
- I'm not Serbian:
I am not Serbian./He doesn't have a car.
- Questions (3 forms A1) :
- intonation :
Are you coming? - is that :
Are you coming? - interrogative word + is that :
Where do you live?
2) Subject personal pronouns
I, you, he, she, we, us, you, they- We = often we in speech
- e.g. :
We go to the cinema.
3) Verbs in the present tense
- Prior verbs :
to be, to have, to go, to do - 1st group (-ER) to speak, to love, to live, to work…
- Very frequent verbs (as needed) to come, to take, to be able, to want, to put, to say…
- Pronominal verbs (introduction) :
to call, to get up - Verb + infinitive :
- e.g. :
I can come./I want to learn.
4) Articles and genre
- Definite articles :
le, la, l', les - Indefinite articles :
un, une, des - Partitives (according to progression) :
du, de la, de l', des- I drink coffee:
I drink coffee./I'm eating salad.
- Gender masculine / feminine (simple references)
5) Plural and simple agreements
- Plural nouns often
-s - Adjective agreement (base) :
- ex. :
a little boy/a little girl/some little girls
- Frequent agreements: nationalities, common colours
6) Adjectives: place and useful forms
- Before the noun (common) e.g.: small, big, beautiful, good, bad, young, old, new…
- ex. :
a big hotel
- After the noun (general) French, blue, interesting…
- e.g. :
a blue car
- Feminine (frequent forms) addition of
-e+ common cases (e.g. petite)
7) Essential determiners
- Possessives :
my/my/my;ton/ta/tes;son/sa/sesours;your;theirs
- Demonstratives :
this/that/these - Simple quantity :
a lot of, a little of, very
8) Prepositions and location
- City / Country :
à+ city :à Parisin+ female country :in Franceat+ male country :in Canadaat+ plural country :in the United States
- Place (base) :
in, on, under, in front of, behind - Location :
next to, near, far from - At :
- e.g. :
at the doctor's/at home
9) Essential expressions
- C'est / Ce sont :
- e.g. :
This is a school./These are my friends.
- There are :
- e.g. :
There is a problem.
- Here / Here :
- e.g. :
Here's my passport.
10) The imperative (functional)
- Forms : you / us / you
- e.g. :
Look!/Let's go !/Take a right !
11) Near future (often end A1)
- Go + infinitive
- I'm going to work:
I'm going to work./We're going out.
Checklist A1 (objective)
- Introduce yourself, ask for simple information
- Describe a person/object (age, nationality, tastes, simple appearance).
- Talk about routine in the present tense
- Find your bearings (place, simple directions)
- Understand and follow short instructions